Anatomical Distribution, Histopathological Characteristics, and Dysplasia Patterns of Colonic Polyps: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study from Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v12i3.2187Keywords:
Colonic Polyps, Dysplasia, Location of Colonic Polyps, NeoplasiaAbstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical presentation of different colonic polyps, identify the commonest site, and assess the association of the type and site with colon cancer.
Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study among patients diagnosed with colonic polyps in Duhok City. The histopathological reports of patients who underwent colonoscopy from different hospitals and centers in the city were analyzed. The study focused on the past 5 years' assessment, 2020-2025, and after data cleaning, 701 cases were collected from the archives. SPSS was used for descriptive statistical analysis. Associations were assessed using the Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test where appropriate. A P < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
Results: Tubular adenoma was the commonest type of pre-neoplastic polyp (83.6%), and hyperplastic polyps were the most common non-pre-neoplastic lesions (47%). The clinical presentation of the polyp, whether male vs. female or presence or absence of symptoms of diarrhea and bleeding per rectum, could not indicate the correlation with the degree of dysplasia (P > 0.05). The location of polyps was significantly associated with the age at the time of diagnosis, P < 0.001; patients < 18 years (44.4%) and those aged 18-44 years (36.0%) were more likely to have polyps in the anorectal region, while those aged 45-62 years (42.3%) and those older than 62 years (47.4%) were more likely to have their polyps scattered.
Conclusion: Tubular adenoma of the pre-neoplastic polyps and the hyperplastic polyps of non-pre-neoplastic nature accounted for the most common. Patients < 45 years are more likely to have polyps distal to the transverse colon (~60.0%) and more likely to be non-Pre-neoplastic compared with proximal counterparts, which are >50% Pre-neoplastic.
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